It is a legal maxim which refers to as damages without injury or damages in which there is no infringement of any legal right which are vested with the plaintiff.
The maxim means that in a given case, a man may have suffered damage and yet have no action in tort, because the damage is not an interest protected by the law of torts. Therefore, causing damage, however substantial to another person is not actionable in law unless there is also a violation of a legal right of the plaintiff.
Thus, if I own a shop and you open a shop in the neighbourhood, as a result of which I lose some customers and my profits fall off, I cannot sue you for the loss in profits, because you are exercising your legal right [Gloucester Grammar School case, (1410) Y.B Hill 11 Hen, IV to 27, pp - 21,36].
For example, a financial wrong caused by one could result in liability to the other, even though no physical harm has been caused to the other.
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